The Start Of The 2003 Iraq War - 1513 Words

The start of the 2003 Iraq War has been debated by many historians. The arguments made by Krebs and Lobasz in their article â€Å"Fixing the Meaning of 9/11 - Hegemony, Coercion, and the Road to War in Iraq† are very persuasive, as are the arguments made by David Lake in â€Å"What Caused the Iraq War?†. These arguments center around the mindset of the Bush Administration, which was fearful of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and eager to use the terrorist attacks of 9/11 as rationale for war regardless of clear evidence. Other historians have presented considerable arguments as well, such as Debs and Monteiro, who argue that Iraq’s possibility of having nuclear weapons posed concern to the Bush administration. However, the best rationale for the start of the 2003 Iraq War combines the coercion model put forth by Krebs and Lobasz with the Lake assertion that the post-war rebuilding was not adequately considered. Krebs and Lobasz have the most salient arguments on manipulations of information, with insightful points regarding the motives of the Bush administration. Their points, however, aren’t complete as David Lake contains stronger information in certain parts of the debate. Lake adds important observations about Saddam’s inability to admit to not having nuclear weapons and the U.S.’s failure to estimate the costs of the post-war were key causes for the start of the war. Krebs and Lobasz’ first point is that the Iraq War was made acceptable to the American public by â€Å"fixing†Show MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography On The Iraq War887 Words   |  4 PagesBritannica Editors. â€Å"Iraq War†. britannica.com, https://www.britannica.com/event/Iraq-War. Britannica, 2004. Information is revised and edited to be accurate. Britannica is a reliable website. Sources used are both primary and secondary. No knowledge needed to read this article. Great place to start. Covers most aspects of the Invasion of iraq and the iraq War in 2003. Written chronologically. Bruhns, John. â€Å"Iraq 10 Years Later: Participating in My Generation’s Most Controversial War†. The HuffingtonRead MoreEssay America Needs the War in Iraq755 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica Needs the War in Iraq It has been three years since the war in Iraq started. In the US, people are afraid of some attacks, which may come in the future from terrorist groups. The US wants to control Iraq completely this time. Everyday, wherever I go, the news about war catches my ears and eyes. It is on the radio, on the net, and on television programs in the US. It means that everybody in this country really is concerned about the situation in Iraq because of AmericanRead MoreWhy United States Invades Iraq1521 Words   |  7 Pagesof all , the paper first way is going to expound about why United States invades Iraq in 2003 for serveral reasons as illustrates: first of all, since United States want to implement the economic sanction to Iraq, they start to invade the Iraq in 2003 and also occupied the Iraqi capital of Baghdad. To be specific, according to research information is clearly shown that due to the Gulf War, the United Nations asked Iraq to stop all chemical and biological weapo ns because they are worried that it willRead MoreMilitary s Campaign Planning For Operation Iraqi Freedom1301 Words   |  6 Pagesoperations proved especially problematic. This contributed directly to rising levels of violence in Iraq, and indirectly to increased public scrutiny of the war at home. Throughout 2006, the U.S. public, pundits and military planners debated the way forward in Iraq. The plan that emerged from this period, known as the surge, successfully overcame the deficiencies in the initial planning and execution of the war by reframing the conflict and refocusing U.S. efforts on providing security and stability toRead MoreWar Againsts Iraq: The Media, Its Portrayal of the War and the Effect of Its Perspective1374 Words   |  6 PagesWar against Iraq By Olivier Gaudreau When the US initiated the 2003 invasion of Iraq, it gave the justification that the Iraqi dictator, Saddam aided the perpetrators of the September 11 attack on United States soil. The Bush administration also accused Saddam of engineering a nuclear program and amassing destructive weapons. All the US justification and the entire war have been highly criticized on many fronts. The media has taken the lead on shaping public opinion on both sides of the war, thatRead MoreThe War Of Iraq And The Buildup Was A Press Success872 Words   |  4 PagesGenerally speaking, the war in Iraq and the buildup was a press success. The U.S. went into the campaign with a majority vote, it then destroyed the country, while it led to the hanging of their then President Saddam Hussein. Even with no evidence to support that Iraq participated in 9/11 or had Weapons of Mass Destruction, this happened; for the press their role in promoting Iraq was a success. The shaping that took place was introduced when P resident George W. Bush announced that there was an,Read MoreThe Impact Of British Military On The War On Iraq1174 Words   |  5 Pages Tom: Australian forces had quite a lot of involvement in the war in Iraq. They were involved primarily in three operations; Operation Bastille, Operation Slipper, and Operation Falconer. Operation Bastille consisted of Australian pre-deployed forces that went over to the middle east with other coalition forces to get used to the climate. They left on the 23rd of January 2003 and by ANZAC day 2003 0ver 2000 ADF personnel were in the middle East from Operation Slipper and Bastille.The ADF contributedRead More War in Iraq Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pages The war against Iraq began on March 20, 2002, when the U.S lunched â€Å"Operation Iraqi Freedom†. This was after President Bush called Iraq part of an â€Å"axis of evil†, also calling the country dangerous which is threatening U.S with the world’s most destructive weapons. The major phase of the war began when U.S troops marched within 50 miles of Baghdad with heavy aerial attacks on Baghdad and other cities. After the attack on the Twin Towers and the Pentagon which was believed to be the work of Al QaedaRead MoreAmerica and Sadam Husseins Regime918 Words   |  4 Pagesconflicts over time some were devastating and others were successful. One conflict America had was Iraq, this stemmed from America having a problem with Saddam Hussein’s Regime. Overtime the civilizations clashed and in October of 2002 congress authorized Iraq war and President Bush announced joint resolution which authorized the use of force against Iraq. From here troops were sent over to Iraq and the war began. After Several battles and lost soldiers things started to look better for America. Hussein’sRead More The Conflict and Struggles in Iraq Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe Conflict and Struggles in Iraq Throughout history, the United States has attempted to overthrow corrupt government in other areas of the world and instating democracies such as ours. What the United States fails to realize is that reforms in a country’s political structure do not occur overnight, but rather to enforce these new changes, money and time is required. Sometimes the money and time seem to be more than we as a country bargain for, but I am a firm believer that you

Othello Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Othello Persuasive Essay Othello A Racist Play?Although there are lots of things to suggest this is a racist play I dont think that racism actually dominates the play, even though it has a racist theme. There is a romantic union between black and white which gets destroyed because most people think the relationship is wrong. At the time the play was written, 1604, even the Queen of England was racist so there must have been a strong hatred of blacks around that time. Most racist comments in the play are said by people that are angry or upset. For example, when Emilia found out that Othellohad killed Desdemona she was extremely mad and she called Othello a Blacker devil, this was the only time in the play that she had said anything racist about Othello. The main characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hatred of Othello as the basis for their racist actions and comments towards him. Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello right from the start. What sparks off Iagos hate towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant , it was Cassio who was chosen instead of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact thatCassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen instead of him. Iago does not say anything racist to Othellos face but he has a lot to say against him behind his back. He schemes to destroy Othello and anything in his way including Cassi o and Desdemona. The first time we hear one of his racist comments is when hes talking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona,Even now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Iago says this to try and turn Brabantio against Othello. Iago uses racist comments all the way through the play, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for example calling him a Barbary Horse. He never says anything racist to Othellos face because in his plot he had to be his best friend, so as not to make him suspicious that Iago was causing all the trouble for him. Iago is jealous of Othello for many reasons, one being that Othello has higher ranking in the army than him, and also he has a good marriage with Desdemona which Iago does not have himself with Emilia. These are the main causes of his hatred for Othello and the reason he adopts such a racist attitude. Roderigo is another one of the racist characters in the play, being so right from the start. He is Iagos accomplice and will d oanything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the way Iago can twist a situation to make it sound as if Roderigo would get something good from it but in the end he doesnt. One of the racist names he calls Othello behind his back is Thick-lips . He hates Othello because hes jealous of him as healso loves Desdemona but cannot have her. I dont think he views Othello in a very bad, racist way but uses the racism against Othello because hes jealous of him. Neither Roderigo or Iago would say anything racist to Othellos face as he is the general of the army. Brabantio is also a racist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his daughter, Desdemona, has been seeing the moorbehind his back. Brabantio is so mad he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racist view of his is because hes angry when he finds out that his daughter has been seeing this moor. Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly make racist comments about Othello to his face such as,lascivious moor, Wheeling stranger. .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .postImageUrl , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:hover , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:visited , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:active { border:0!important; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:active , .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6f64aba6e8dc75d03b02c879981a382c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gunsnroses EssayBrabantio can do this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds out that Othello had killed Desdemona this is the time she gets a chance to express her feelings about Othello, O, the more angel she, and you the blacker devil! Although this is the only time she says what she thinks of him, I think that she was racist towards Othello all through the play and did not approve of his relationship with Desdemona but just could not show it because she would get in trouble with her lord. Because Shakespeare wrote a play about a black and white union, which was later destroyed, I think it shows that hes not racist. I think he feels that the union between the two is right, but the relationship would never survive in a racist community at that time. He portrayed the union between Othello and Desdemona as a good thing, and the people who destroyed it, mainly Iago and Roderigo as evil. This shows once again that he approves of a black and white relationship and therefore was not racist himself. Once before Shakespeare wrote a sonnet about his mistress which says, for example,If snow be white, why then her breast be dunHe writes about his mistress being black when other poets of that time wrote about how their mistresses were white. The other poets were the racist ones, they girlfriends were always white and perfect, Shakespeare wrote about how his mistresses is black and not very beautiful. Although the play has a strong racist theme against blacks I dont think that the play is racist. Shakespeare Essays

Person Experience Essay Essays - , Term Papers

Person Experience Essay Syracuse University 8:02 a.m. Saturday. It's still dark, as usual, on these cold, winter days. Everybody else is still sleeping and enjoying the comfprting heat of their beds. I crack open the locked window by my bed, an act some deemed downright idiotic. I strip off my pj's, throw on my robe, and head for the shower. Drying off, I think about where I am abou to go. I dress piece by layered piece. I can't wait to hit the slopes! I round up my tools: body, boards, boots, bindings. Everything is in working order and ready for take-off. As I open the front door, I am shocked by the cold and fight my way through the wind to my car. I turn the key and put the heater on full blast. I am almost there. I step out of my car and survey the parking lot. Not too many cars. That's the way I like it. I take a deep breath and savor the frsh air. Already, I can feel the pressure of deadlines lifted off my chest. I strap my skis on, and prepare not just to tackle a run but other situations in my life as well. I skate over to the first pitch of the double diamond slope, and map out where I will take the first couple turns. It is almost like I am assessing my goals in life: getting accepted into Syracuse, owning a house in Colorado, raising a healthy family. I appreciate the sound of carving the first turn as if it was my very last. The crunching of the snow under my feet empowers me to crush the antagonists in my everyday life. The second and third turns secure my self-confidence. Only with the fourth turn do I start to realize that things are not always that easy. I heard it said often, "It's easier said than done." I never believed it until now. I only skid slightly over a patch of ice, but it is enough to start my heart thumping. I am suddenly aware that to finish this run or to reach my goals, I have to be ready for the tricky spots. I know that at any moment I could fall and be forced to start over. My lifetime goals can be affected by any number of things - grades slipping, drugs and alcohol - and I have to be ready to handle anything. I clear my mind of all fear and continue through turns, but with more caution. Once the focus of my goal is on track, I persevere to attain it. I quickly aquire my rhythm. I become more determined. Now, I take sharper, shorter turns. I glide swiftly toward the chairlift just now appearing in my sights. I know that through hard work I can achieve these realistic goals! I am almost there! I thrill at the prospect of conquering this hill. I feel proud of myself. I am gratified to know that I can accomplish a goal endurance. I can achieve despite the many ice patches I encounter. I ride the lift back to my car. I only came for one run, the run to help me survive the week. I drive home grinning ear to ear.

Advantage of Internet Essays

Advantage of Internet Essays Advantage of Internet Paper Advantage of Internet Paper 1 Organic Chemistry 261(270, 271) Midterm-I Examination September 29, 2008 Name (print) ID No. Time: 50 minutes Total number of pages: 6 Answer all questions in the space provided. Question I. (15. 0) II. (14. 0) III. (14. 0) IV. (15. 0) V. (10. 0) Total (68. 0) Percentage Mark GOOD LUCK 2 (9. 0) 1. a) Write a Lewis structure for each of the following compounds showing any unshared electron pairs. b) Calculate the formal charge on each atom other than hydrogen. Be sure to show your calculations. a) CH3OH2 EC(c) = 1/2(8) = 4 FC(c) = 4- 4 = 0 H H H C O H H EC (O) = 1/2 (6) + 2 = 5 FC (O) = 6-5 = +1 b) (CH3)3CO H C H H H C C O HH C H c) (CH3)2O-BF3 H HH C F H H C O B F H F (6. 0) 2. H H Formal charge calculations for (b, c) as of part (a) Which resonance form in the following pairs would contribute more to the Hybrid (more stable)? Explain the reason for your choice. a) CH3CH CH CH OH CH3CH CH CH OH Carbon of the other structure do not meet the octet rule O CH3 More stable because of more covalent bonds O c) CH2 C CH3 CH2 O C CH3 Negative charge resides on more electronegative atom. O C NH2 b) CH3 C NH2 3 (8. ) II a) Write a dash formula for each of the following compounds showing any unshared electron pairs. b) predict the hybridization of the indicated atom in each molecule? a) CH3 CH N CH3 Answers: sp3 a) CH3 sp3 O b) CH3 C C C H sp2 sp2 sp3 CH N CH3 sp sp O C C C H sp2 sp2 b) CH3 sp3 sp c) CH3BeCH3 c) CH3BeCH3 sp3 d) BH4 d) BH4 (6. 0) 2. Which compound in each of the following pairs would have the higher boiling point? Explain a reason for your answer. a) CH3CH2CH2OH or CH3CH2OCH3 Alcohol, because of hydrogen bonding b) or O Ketone, because of dipole-dipole intractions c) N H or N CH3 Primary amine, because of hydrogen bonding 4 (8. 0) III 1. a) Draw structures of three alkyl bromide with the formula C4H9Br b) Classify each as to whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl bromide. CH3CH2CH2 CH2Br primary CH3 CH3CH2 CHBr CH3 CH3 C Br tertiary CH3 (6. 0) 2. Write a condensed structural formula for each of the following compound. O seconday a) O (CH3)2CHCOCH(CH3)2 or (CH3)2CH C CH(CH3)3 b) NH CH3 CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH2CH3 or CH3CH2 H CHCH2NCH2CH3 OH OH CH2 CH2 CH CH CH CH CH3 c) 5 (15. 0) IV 1. Draw a structure for compounds that meet the following descriptions. a) Two amines with the formula C3H9N CH3CH2CH2NH2 and CH3NHCH2CH3 and Many other possibilities. b) Two ketones with the formula C5H10O O CH3CH2 and O CH2CH3 CH3 C CH2CH2CH3 C Many other possibilities. c) Two ethers with the formulas C4H8O O O and Many other possibilities. d) Draw bond-line structures of two cyclic compounds with molecular formula C4H8. e) Draw an isomer of CH3CH2CH2CH2C N CH3 CH3CHCH2C N with the same functional group. and one more possibility 6 (10. 0) V. What is the relationship between the members of the following pairs? That is, are they Stereoisomers, constitutional isomers, the same, or resonance structure. Explain the reason for your choice. CH3 CH a) CH2 CHCH2CH3 and H2C CH2 Answer: constitutional isomers same molecular formula, but different connectivity of atoms). b) NH2 and NH2 Answer: Resonance structures- (same connectivity of atoms, but different distribution of electrons. CH3 c) CH3 C CH3 CH3 Answer: different drawing of the same molecule , same Molecular formula or (CH3)3C CH3 d) H H3C C C CH3 H and H3C H C C CH3 H Answer: stereoisomers (cis-trans isomers) different location of atoms in space, but same molecular formula. 7 Periodic Table of the Elements 1 1 18 2 H 1. 00794 3 2 4 13 5 14 6 15 7 16 8 17 9 He 4. 002602 10 Li 6. 941 11 Be 9. 012182 12 B 10. 811 13 C 12. 0107 14 N 14. 0067 15 O S 32. 065 34 F Cl 35. 453 35 Ne Ar 39. 948 36 15. 9994 18. 9984032 20. 1797 16 17 18 Na 22. 989770 Mg 24. 3050 20 3 21 4 22 5 23 6 24 7 25 8 26 9 27 10 28 11 29 12 30 Al Sc 44. 95591 39 Si Ge 72. 64 50 P As 74. 92160 51 19 26. 981538 28. 0855 30. 973761 31 32 33 K 39. 0983 37 Ca 40. 078 38 Ti 47. 867 40 V 50. 9415 41 Cr Mo 95. 94 74 Mn Tc [97. 9072] 75 Fe 55. 845 44 Co 58. 9332 45 Ni 58. 6934 46 Cu 63. 546 47 Zn 65. 39 48 Ga 69. 723 49 Se 78. 96 52 Br 79. 904 53 Kr 83. 80 54 51. 9961 54. 938049 42 43 Rb 85. 678 55 Sr 87. 62 56 Y 88. 90585 57 Zr 91. 224 72 Nb 92. 90638 73 Ru 101. 07 76 Rh 102. 9055 77 Pd 106. 42 78 Ag 107. 8682 79 Cd 112. 411 80 In 114. 818 81 Sn 118. 71 82 Sb 121. 76 83 Te 127. 60 84 I At Xe Rn 126. 90447 131. 293 85 86 Cs Fr Ba Ra La * 138. 9055 89 Hf 178. 49 104 Ta 180. 9479 105 W 183. 84 106 Re 186. 207 107 Os 190. 23 108 Ir 192. 217 109 Pt Ds [281] 64 Au Rg [272] 65 Hg 200. 59 112 Tl 204. 3833 113 Pb 207. 2 114 Bi Po 132. 90545 137. 327 87 88 195. 078 196. 96655 110 111 208. 98038 [208. 9824] [209. 9871] [222. 0176] 115 116 117 118 Ac** Rf 58 Db 59 Sg 60 Bh 61 Hs [277] 62 Mt [268. 1388] 63 Uub [285] 66 Uut [285] 67 Uuq Uup Uuh [289] 68 [288] 69 [289] 70 71 [223. 0197] [226. 0254] [227. 0277] [261. 1088] [262. 1141] [266. 1219] [264. 12] * Ce ** Th Pr Pa Nd 144. 24 92 Pm [144. 9127] 93 Sm 150. 36 94 Eu 151. 964 95 Gd 157. 25 96 Tb 158. 92534 97 Dy 162. 50 98 Ho Es Er Fm Tm Md Yb 173. 04 102 Lu 174. 967 103 140. 116 140. 90765 90 91 164. 93032 167. 259 168. 93421 99 100 101 U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf No Lr 232. 0381 231. 03588 238. 02891 [237. 0482] [244. 0642] [243. 0614] [247. 0704] [247. 0703] [251. 0796] [252. 0830] [257. 0951] [258. 0984] [259. 1010] [262. 1097]

1 day diet diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

1 day diet diary - Essay Example The recording of the foods eaten was done immediately after eating and some were done just before eating. In most cases I did the latter rather than the former method. The quantities were first recorded in a rough draft before being transferred to the diet diary. The weights of the foods were measured by various means depending on the type of food. The fish was weighed using a weighing to determine its weight. The weight of the rice was estimated from the value provided on the packet. The weight of the cake was per the value I got from the bakery when I bought it. For the drinks the amount was measured by the use of measuring cylinder. The accuracy of my recordings and measurement is of a recommendable status but it’s not utterly accurate to the point. The reason for it not being very accurate is that some of the measurements were estimated especially for the foods that I bought, as I relied on the information provided by the seller. However, as per my opinion most of the recordings were accurate. My general strategy for improving the diet is by first and foremost cutting on the amount of sugary stuff that I take on a daily basis. The other way of improving my diet is including some vegetables into the diet diary. This is in order for me to have a high-fiber diet. Dietary fiber is mainly found in fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains. Fiber or roughage is generally well known for its ability to prevent constipation. Some of the other benefits of a fiber include :( mayo clinic, [online]) Water is also vital in keeping one healthy; hence, I have to include it in my diet. Water helps in washing away waste products and poisonous substance (toxins) from our systems. It is so unfortunate that many people are dehydrated; this is can be attributed to the fact that they either don’t know or ignore the value of water in our bodies. It is of great importance to note the

Brazilian Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brazilian Economy - Essay Example These factors combine to show that Brazil is on its way up. Those who maintain that Brazil is performing the most of the BRIC group also argue that despite huge withdrawals by foreign investors, Brazil has suffered less than the other BRIC members and this is a good sign of a healthy economy. Delfeld (2008) says, "BRIC begins with Brazil. Political stability (Mr. Lula is up there in the stratosphere at a 78% approval rating), strong consumer spending, more flexible exchange rates, a more effective central bank and higher reserves may help Brazil weather the global financial storm much better than most expect. Brazil has been able to maintain foreign reserves in excess of $200bn. More than that, the credit crisis may have come at a good time, potentially helping the economy to cool without damping growth too far below the country's potential. Inflation has risen recently to about 6% due to strong consumer spending. A slowing of global growth could be helpful in moderating this and also allow the central bank to suspend its tightening policy sometime later this year." Brazil has been doing exceptionally well since the election of President Luiz Lula in 2006. With exports booming, the country has witnessed considerable growth in the size of its middle class. Not only that, Brazil has its millionaire's club expanding too with 130,000 members in 2006 to 190,000 in 2007. That is extraordinary economic growth and it is because of this that Brazil was awarded "investment grade" status by Standard and Poor's which also attracted considerable investor energy and helped boost their confidence.1 A country that now poses a threat to the US economy has seen all this exceptional growth in only the last two years. Before this period, the company was far behind the US and even other strong economies like Japan. The GDP comparison in 2005 is shown below: Gross Domestic Product in 2005 (Trillions USD, Current Prices)US 12.46, Japan 4.56, Germany 2.79, UK 2.20France 2.13, China 1.98, India 0.80, Brazil 0.80 2 At that time United States was clearly the leader but a lot changed this year when world's biggest economy was dealt some serious blows. Brazil however continued to show growth signs till as late as October 2008 but beginning November, Brazil has also faced some growth problems. The recession that has hit the world has also arrived in Brazil. According to the very recent survey by Morgan Stanley, Brazilian economy is expected to grow by 2 percent in 2009; this is clear down from the earlier prediction of 3 percent. Apart from this, Morgan Stanley also doesn't rule out the possibility of zero growth. Brazilian currency is also consistently falling against US dollar. The only reasons why we must not rule out possible economic problems in the future is Brazil's continued fight against drug lords and its unequal income distribution. Brazil's poor continue to suffer as its rich section is consistently getting higher share of economic growth. Lula has certainly been successful in creating a robust economy but what he is overlooking is the fact that there is vast disparity between the rich and the poor which not only translates into fewer opportunities for the poor but also leads to higher drug-related activities. The Gini co-efficient is a useful tool for measuring income distributio

Media Violence and Children Essay Example for Free

Media Violence and Children Essay Your children are surrounded by violence. From video games and television to the news itself, bloodshed is everywhere. Many parents and educators fear that violence seen on the media will at the very least desensitize children, and that it may even make children more likely to commit atrocities themselves. Other people claim the violence seen on the media is not real, and that children understand this. So whos right? In order to better understand this crucial issue, we need to examine the history of violence in entertainment as well as revelations made possible by modern science. Violence in entertainment is not new. Even in ancient Rome, people gathered to watch gladiators. In gladiator combats, two trained men (usually criminals or slaves) would fight each other in front of a cheering crowd. Sometimes, men would also be forced to fight wild animals. These shows were incredibly popular; in order to accommodate the huge masses of people eager to watch the combat, Roman officials built the Colosseum, which could seat 50,000 spectators, in 80 CE. The opening of the Colosseum was celebrated with 100 days of games, during which thousands of men and animals were seriously injured or killed. Long before children watched violent cartoons, they listened to violent stories. Even our most cherished fairy tales often contain bloodshed. In fact, modern versions of fairy tales tend to be a lot less violent than the originals. For example, in Hans Christen Andersons The Little Mermaid, the little mermaid has her tongue cut out, almost stabs her prince, and dies; Disneys famous version of this classic tale is significantly happier and less violent. But why is violence such a popular form of entertainment? There are several possible answers, and they are probably all true to some extent. People like watching violence because it is, at least to some degree, forbidden; all functioning societies need to have laws against murder. Seeing other peoples pain also makes your own problems seem insignificant. Finally, some violence in the media was meant to teach a practical lesson. Many gladiators were condemned criminals, so their violent and entertaining death served as a warning against would-be criminals. Public executions have served the same purpose throughout history. Fairy tales also warned children against the dangers of misbehaving. For example, the little mermaid disobeyed the rules of her father and her people, and she suffered as a result. Modern violence in the media is not that different from what occurred in the past. People enjoy watching violence because it is forbidden, distracting, and it can teach lessons about reality. At the same time, violence is becoming more and more prevalent. Additionally, much of the violence shown in video games, movies, and television is completely unrealistic; real consequences are very rarely shown, especially in cartoons. As a result, the violence may be too glamorized to teach real life lessons. Even if violence does teach a morality lesson, children may still be negatively affected. Vincent P. Mathews, a professor of radiology at Indiana University School of Medicine, discovered that watching violence on the media might actually alter brain function. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed that watching violent images decreased frontal lobe brain activity in children whether or not they had previous problems of aggression. Decreased frontal lobe activity is associated with attention and self control problems. Also using fMRI, Klaus Mathiak at the University of Aachen in Germany discovered that playing violent video games and thinking about actually participating in real violent activities stimulate the same part of the brain. In other words, an individuals brain cannot distinguish between violent actions that are committed by the individual and violent activities that are purely make believe. Additionally, violent video games may be training the brain for real life violent behavior. So what does all of this mean for parents? Children, like adults, are naturally drawn to violent images, and it is possible for children to learn valuable lessons from violent stories. However, exposure to too much violence, especially glamorized violence, probably does have a negative impact of children. Although more scientific research needs to be conducted before conclusive answers can be given, children may have a hard time distinguishing between real violence and fake violence, and simply watching violence may lead to increased behavioral problems. If you are worried that your children are watching too much violence, you should monitor exactly what they are watching. Movies and video games both have rating systems, and all televisions 13 inches or larger that were manufactured in the United States since January 2000 contain V chips. V chips allow parents to control what programs are watched, even when the children are unsupervised. You could also limit the amount of time that your children are allowed to spend watching television or playing video games, regardless of whether or not the programs or games contain violent content. Finally, you can discuss the reality of violence with you children to make sure that they can differentiate between make believe and reality.